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- <text id=89TT3277>
- <title>
- Dec. 11, 1989: A Mother's Gift Of Life
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Dec. 11, 1989 Building A New World
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HEALTH, Page 96
- A Mother's Gift of Life
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Her baby gets the first U.S. liver transplant from a living
- donor
- </p>
- <p> Like some 150 other young children in the U.S.,
- 21-month-old Alyssa Smith was waiting for a new liver, her one
- chance to avoid death at an early age. Her prospects did not
- look bright, since the supply of livers taken from cadavers and
- suitable for transplant is critically slim. But last week a team
- of surgeons at the University of Chicago Medical Center gave the
- little girl from Schertz, Texas, her chance to live. And what
- seemed truly miraculous about the operation was the source of
- Alyssa's new liver: her mother.
- </p>
- <p> In a 14-hour procedure, the surgeons removed the fist-size
- left lobe from 29-year-old Teresa Smith's liver and transplanted
- most of it into her daughter. The revolutionary technique --
- transplanting a liver from a living donor -- had been performed
- in Brazil, Australia and Japan, but this was the first time it
- was tried in the U.S. Doctors have had a great deal of success
- in kidney, pancreas and bone-marrow transplants from living
- donors, and hope is rising that the liver will join that list.
- Says Dr. Christoph Broelsch, who led the Chicago transplant
- team: "This surgery potentially opens up a whole new pool of
- donor organs for infants. It's the first step in answering the
- problem of juvenile organ shortage."
- </p>
- <p> So far, both mother and daughter are doing well. Because
- the liver has the power to regenerate itself by forming new
- tissue, Teresa's liver should grow back to its normal size.
- Similarly, baby Alyssa's new liver should grow as she does.
- </p>
- <p> The operation was not without serious complications. While
- the surgeons were removing part of Teresa's liver, they tore her
- spleen and decided they had to remove it. The loss of the spleen
- means she will be slightly more susceptible to infections, and
- may have to take antibiotics for the rest of her life. To gain
- access to the liver, the doctors also had to remove Teresa's
- gall bladder. As for the baby, she had to undergo a second
- operation to stop bleeding from her new liver. The doctors hope
- Teresa can be released from the hospital this week and that her
- daughter will be home for Christmas.
- </p>
- <p> The dangers inherent in such complex transplants pose
- ethical dilemmas for the medical community. University of
- Chicago ethicists and physicians spent a year discussing whether
- doctors have the right to ask healthy parents to donate portions
- of their vital organs, even if it means saving the life of their
- child. Critics argue that there is no way parents can refuse
- such a request when under the pressure of having a dying child.
- For that reason, university officials required a two-week delay
- between the time Teresa and her husband John signed the consent
- forms and the date of the transplant, so that the family could
- reconsider the decision. "It was purely voluntary," says Dr.
- Peter Whitington, a pediatric hepatologist on the transplant
- team. "I think this mother, even if she had greater
- complications, would believe she did the right thing. I believe
- this father, even if he lost his wife, would believe he did the
- right thing."
- </p>
- <p> Some families may not want to have two members undergo
- major surgery at once. But for the Smiths, the risk was well
- worth the possible returns. Says Teresa: "Once you've given
- someone a big piece of your heart, it's easy to throw in a
- little bit of liver."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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